Richard Anuszkiewicz

Richard Anuszkiewicz is considered a founder and leading proponent of the Optical art movement in America. Born in Erie, Pennsylvania, in 1930, he began his artistic training at the Cleveland Institute of Art, where he excelled in still life and landscape painting from 1948 to 1953. After winning a Pulitzer Traveling Fellowship, Anuszkiewicz pursued a Master of Fine Art degree at the Yale University School of Art and Architecture in New Haven, Connecticut, studying under the renowned artist and educator Josef Albers from 1953 to 1955. Relocating his practice to New York in 1957, Anuszkiewicz quickly achieved critical success, exhibiting in various solo and group shows throughout the city. Following a one-man exhibition at The Contemporaries in New York City in 1960, the Museum of Modern Art, New York, acquired two of his paintings. By the mid-1960s, Anuszkiewicz's inclusion in the Whitney Museum of American Art Annual Exhibition (1963) and the publication of his painting Mercurian in the Fire on the cover of LIFE International (December 28, 1964) had cemented his status as an Op art icon. By 1965, Anuszkiewicz had firmly established himself as a preeminent contemporary artist with his participation in "The Responsive Eye", an historic exhibition of Op art, Geometric abstraction, and Hard-edge painting at the Museum of Modern Art. The exhibition featured works by 96 artists, including Victor Vasarely of France and English painter Bridget Riley, Anuskiewicz's primary international counterparts in the movement.